Philippine Law Provisions about Defemation

ACT NO. 3815
AN ACT REVISING THE PENAL CODE AND OTHER PENAL LAWS
(December 8, 1930)

REBELLION, SEDITION AND DISLOYALTY

Art. 142. Inciting to sedition. — The penalty of prision correccional in its maximum period and a fine not exceeding 2,000 pesos shall be imposed upon any person who, without taking any direct part in the crime of sedition, should incite others to the accomplishment of any of the acts which constitute sedition, by means of speeches, proclamations, writings, emblems, cartoons, banners, or other representations tending to the same end, or upon any person or persons who shall utter seditious words or speeches, write, publish, or circulate scurrilous libels against the Government (of the United States or the Government of the Commonwealth) of the Philippines, or any of the duly constituted authorities thereof, or which tend to disturb or obstruct any lawful officer in executing the functions of his office, or which tend to instigate others to cabal and meet together for unlawful purposes, or which suggest or incite rebellious conspiracies or riots, or which lead or tend to stir up the people against the lawful authorities or to disturb the peace of the community, the safety and order of the Government, or who shall knowingly conceal such evil practices. (Reinstated by E.O. No. 187).

Art. 358. Slander (Oral Defamation)

I. Concept: It is understood as the speaking of base and defamatory words which tend to prejudice another in his reputation, office, trade, business or means of livelihood
II. Oral or verbal Defamation is of two kinds: (1) Grave when it is of a serious and insulting kind or (2) Simple